von mitzlaff



(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheetl 1.

H. VON MITZLAFF.,

'HYDRAULIC BRIO-K MACHINE. No. 394,528.

E: JQ

Patented Dec 11, 1888 INHIIIE III Ilm-lumai" l n i L l z (No Model.) 4 sheets-sneet 2.

H. VON MITZLAPF.

HYDRAULIC BRICK MACHINE.

No. 394,528. Patented Dec. 11, 1888.

Raye.

WHA/53.958

. (No ModeL.)

' 4 Sheets-Sheet 3. H. VON MITZLAPPl HYDRAULIC BRICK MACHINE.

jfl-q Ptented Dec. 1l, 1888.

l. cv

ATTORNEYS 4 Sheets-Sheet 4.

(No Model.)

H. `VON MITZLAFF. l HYDRAULIC BRICK MACHINE.

ATTORNEYS.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.I

HERMANFT VON MITZLAFF, OF

PoTsDAM, rRrssiA, GERMANY. f

HYDRAULIC BRICK-MACHINE.

- SPECIFICATION formingpart of Letters Patent o. 394,528, dated December 11, 18848.

` Application ma January 12,1888. sesam. 260,488. (Nomad.)

ToaZZ whom it may concern,.-

Be itknown that I, HERMANN VON MITZ- LAFF, a subject of the King of Prussia, residing at Potsdam, in the Kingdom of Prussia C and Empire of Germany, haveA invented new and useful Improvements in Brick-Machines,

' of which the following is a specification.

My invention consists in an improved brickmachine, the novel features of which are fully pointed out in the following specification and claims, and illustrated inthe accompanying drawings, in which- Figure l represents a sectional side elevation. Fig. `2 is an end elevation. Fig. 3 is a plan or top view. Fig. i is a vertical central section of a lower press-cylinder and its plunger, drawn-to a larger scale than the'preceding figures. Fig. 5 is a similar section of an ejector. Fig. 6` is a vertical central section of Fig. 13 is a central section of a supply-regulating valve. Fig. 14 is an end view of the valve-disk thereof.

Similar letters'indicate corresponding parts. In the drawings, the letter'A designates the stationary bed of the press-frame, in which are secured two press-cylinders, B B', and two ejector-cylinders@ C. y

Above the bed A, and loosely mounted upon avertical shaft, D, is located a horizontal rotary mold-carrier, E, which in this example is upper press-cylinders, B2 B3, are secured in.

. provided with sixmolds, F, arranged equally distant from the center. Above said moldcarrier is arranged a stationary bridge, G, which is supported at each end on pillars G G', resting on and secured to the bed A. The

said bridge above and in line with the lower cylinders, B B. An intermittent rotary motion is imparted to the mold-carrier E, so as to bring the molds' F successively bet-Ween the lowing means: A driving-shaft, ll, at the top i of the frame is provided on one end with a gear-wheel, z,-whch meshes into a gear-wheel, 7L', on a counter-shaft, I, extending parallel to l shaft H. A toothed segment, h2, on the face of said gear-wheel h engages with va bevell wheel, h3, mounted on the upper end of a ver- 1 tical spindle, l-I, whereby an,intermittent rowheel, 714, on said spindle H mesh es into gear- E. The toothed segment h'2 is' of such length that for one revolution of the driving-shaft H the `1noldcarrier is moved, in this example,

`new set of molds is brought between the pressure-cylinders at each revolution ofthe shaft.

The lower press-cylinders, B B', Fig. 4, are each constructed with two distinctand separate chambers, d d', the upper or main chamthan the lower or supplementary chamber, a. In these chambers are itted plungers?) and b', which are rigidly connected with each other 'toform a compound. plunger, said plungers having 4different diameters. Liquid under pressure is admitted simultaneously to both chambers a a,;and the plunger b l1 is rapidly forced outward under the force acting on the plunger b alone, as the chamber a is so large in comparison with the chamber d that the water merely fills the former as the piston advances. As the resistance of the mass in the molds to compression increases, the pressure of water also acts on the' plunger b, and a great force is exerted on the mass near'the completion of the stroke, owing to the large area of the plunger b. The water under pressure .enters the chamber a at a? and the chamber. a at ai?.

The length of the stroke of the compound plunger b b is adjusted by means'of ascrewcap, b'l, engaging with the cylinder when the inlet, a4, in the chamber d isprovided, for the purpose of admitting the water to force the plunger inward at its non-Woking stroke, as Will be hereinafter moreflaily described. In this case the force of' the water comes on tary motion is imparted to the latter. A' gear- 'teeth hi' on the periphery of the mold-carrier through one-sixth of a revolution, so that av ber, a, being considerably larger in diam-eterr cylinders B and 'B2 and l5 and B3 by the. folplunger is at the end of its stroke. A second IOO a shoulder formed by the cap 5*, said, can

fitting closely to a contracted portion of the chamber u'. The upper press-cylinders, Fig. y (i, are constructed similarly to the lower presscyliudcrs just described and operate in the same manner.

'lhe molds F, Figs. 1, 3, 7, and S, are divided into two or more compartments of the dimensions desired by double partitions and arc removably secured to the mold-carrier by the use of keys. Said molds consist of an internal steel box, J, open at its top and bottom, and an external. box, J', of cast-iron, airspaccs being lc lft between the two. The compartments of the mold are adapted to be entered from the top and bot-tom by suitable punches, L L, secured to the 'plungers b'of the upper press-cylinder, and from below they are entered by similar punches, L' L', secured to cross-heads L2, vertically movable on guide` rods Z, pendent from the bodies of the molds F. The ends of the rods l a 'e threaded and provided with nuts j. *ly t rning said nuts the punches can be made to project more or less intofthemolds, so that they will receive more or less of the material to be compressed. Said cross-heads are adapted to be engaged by the plungers b b of the lower cylinders, B B', when the mold-carrier is rotated in the proper position.

To provide for the escape of air from the material under compression, the-walls of the inner box, J', as well as the partitions, are 'provided with perforations or air-holes k', and head-plates ji on the punches, Fig. 6, may be similarly perforated, so that the fair may escape at all sides. In order to prevent the holes'k from becoming clogged," 'the partition is made as thin as practicable at the portion containing the holes by rabbeting or cutting away the material of the box J and the partitions, and the holes are drilled tapering,with. the greater diameter outa'ard. To prevent the mold-carrier from yielding vertically, and also to provide a comparatiyely frictionless bearing for the same, I constrdct a bearing, Figs. 9 and 10, of two steel rings, m, which are secured to the shaft D,'and between which rings a number of conical rolls, m' on', can play, all said rolls pointing to a common center. The rolls rotate about spindles secured in a collar, 'm2, loosely encompassing the stationary shaft D. Two such devices are placed at a distance apart on the shaft, Fig. l.

The ejectors C C' are secured to the bed A diametrically opposite to each other, and each of the same, Fig. 5, is provided with two chambers, c c', the main chamber c havin g a slightlysmaller bore than the supplemental` f chamber c', ,andl the plunger C?, fitted in said cham.- bers, is made smaller in diameter in its upper portion, thereby forming an annular waterspace with the walls of the upper chambers.

I The water under pressure is admittedeat c2 near the bottom .of the chamber e, and at c3 at the top of the chamber e'. The water entering th c inlet c forces the plungerrIupwa-rd, and the downward or return stroke is quick cned by the water-pressure on the shoulder 0*, formed at the junction of the two portions o'f lthe plunger. i

The arrangement of pipes for distributing water to the various cylinders from an accumulator orhydraulic press (not shown) and the various valvesl in said pipes and means for operating the same are as follows:

M M', Figs. 1, 2, and 3, are the supply-pipes from the accumulator or hydraulic press,whi ch are connected to the inlets of two supplyvalves, N "N', Figs. 1, 2, and. 3, the vconstruction of which latter is shown in Figs. 11 and 12. provided with an inlet, n, connected to the accumulator, two outlets, fn.' n2, opening to the distributing-pipes of the various cylindersand a discharge, n3, for the water discharged from the said cylinders. a .neck and two heads, n4 fir", controls said openings. lVhen the plunger n4 a5 is inthe position shown in Fig. l1, the. water from the supply-pipe M' can enter the valve-casing, and passes out through the twov outlet-openings n' and n2 to the various cylinders, since the discharge n3 is closed by the head fn. lVhen the plunger is movedto the position shown in Fig. 12, the two outlet-openings n'v and n2 are closed by the head 015, and the discharge from the various cylinders enters the casing through the outlet-openings 'n' and n2 and discharges through the opening n3.

The plunger n4 a5 of each valve is recipro- .cated once for each revolution of the shaft I by a suitable connection with the latter. the drawings, ,Figs-1, 2, and, I have shown as a driving mechanism for each plunger aY hub, I', having an eccentric groove, 1'., which hub is rigidly mounted on said shaft. One

arm of a crank-lever i' engages the' `roove 1' l v a t: n v

and the second arm of the lever is connected Eachof said valves consists of a casing A plunger having f loo p by a rod, i2, with an arm, i3, extending fron a rock-shaft, 4. A second arm, projecting fromV the said rock-shaft, is in engagement with the plunger N2.' 'n' n2 of the valve N are connected two pipes, P and Q, one of which, P, extends along the side of `the press, and'its end is connected with the supplementary chamber a'" of the `lower press-cylinder,B, to 'supply water to the same. Abranch pipe, P', extending upwardly and horizontally, is connected by auxiliary branches p p with the supplement-arg chambers of the two uppefl1 press-cylinders'jW and 3. nects directly Vwith-the supplementary chamber a' of the cylinder B'. A A 1 A branch pipe, p2, from the pipe P is con` nected with the main chamber c of the eject-,or

C. To the outlet-openings An' n2 of the valve N' are connected two pipes, R and S, one, R, of which extends along the side of the press,

and its end connects with. the main cham-l ber a ot' the lower presscylinder, vA branch, R', of said pipe 'extends upwardly and horizontally, and is connected by two branch pipes, r Ir',with the main chambers of the two The second pipe, Q, from the valve N con-'5' To the outlet-openings upper press-cylinders, B2 and Bil The second pipe S from the valve N' connects directly with the main chamber of the lower press-cylinder, B'. A branch pipe, rn', is connected with the supplei'nentar chamber of the ej ector C.

From this description it will be seen that the supply-valve N is connected with the supplementary chambers dof the four press-cylinders B, ll', B2, andl, and the valve N' with thc main chamber u.' ot' Athe same cylinders. In the operation of the press the valves N l N' are opened for the admission ot' water, a-nd the plungers b b' of the said cylinders are startedon their working stroke under a comparatively small pressure,'owin g' to the small diameters of the plungersl' in the supplementary chambers. \Vhen theplungers have beenl moved through a part ot their stroke l and the resistance of the material increases, the water in the main chambers a acts on the l `large plungers Z1, causing the punches to act with `g'reat force upon the mass within the molds K during' the remaining' part of the stroke, whereby the brick is rendered extremely compact and sound.

The regulation of' the velocity with which the plungers move. being an important matter, I provide valves 'l "I", Fig'. i3, torthispurpose, which can be inserted in the pipes Q R S. Each of said valves consists of a casing' having' an inlet, f, and an outlet, f', A valvedisk, T2, within the casing' is guided vertically to and from its seat, and is provided with anumber of orifices, f2. The entering' liquid' presses the valve down to its seat, but can' pass through said orifices. To regulate the quantity ot liquid passing' through the valve, any desired number of said orifices i" can be plugged with suitable screws, the orifice bcing' provided with internal screw-threads. The discharging water enters the outlet t' and lifts the, valve-disk '1."2' from its seat-,so that it passes umibstructedly through the valve. Any other suitable valve can,how ever, be used to accomplish this object.-

To draw the plungers ot' thepress-cylinders l-l B' B? Bnward ontheirnon-workingstroke l after the complet-ion of the working' stroke, I connect. ythe inlets d" of the supplemental clmnibers, by means of pipes o", with the supplyp-iptftrom the accumulator, so that afterthc valve N2 closes the supply t-he pressure of` the water will act-'on the ends of the caps proviously described, on the plungers l; D', and on the shoulders c* of the plungers C2, to force the plungers on their non-working stroke. 'lhc inlets c ot' the ejectors (I t." are similarly connected to the said supply-pipes.

With material which requires an extremely hig'h and long-continued pressure I make use of a carrier containing eig'htvmolds instead of six. In this case the material in the mold before being' subjected to the -action of t-he presses under full water-pressure' is subj ected'to the action of presses under alighter pressure, adtlien tal/1e molds are carried lVhat-I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

l. The combination, in a hydraulic brickpress, of the fixedbase A, the hydraulic presscylinders B B', fitted to the base and containing plungers operated by fluid-pressure, pipes for supplying' the fluid, an intermittentlyrotating' mold-carrier, E, and ejeetors C C',

5 substantially as descriliiei'l.

2. The combination, in a hydraulic `brickpress, of the fixed base A, the hydraulic pressl cylinders B B', fitted to the base and contain ing plungers operated by fluid-pressure, an

intermittentlyrotating' mold carrier, E, hydraulic ejector-cylinders C C', containing' I plungers operated'by duid-pressure, and a system otE4 pipes for supplying' the fluid to thc 3. The combi-nation, in' a hydraulic brickpress, of a stationary base, A, pillars G', rising Q from the base, a stationary bridge, G, mounted i press and ejector cylinders, substantially as' described.

IOO

erated by fluid-pressure, an intermittently-- rotating' mold-carrier between the respective press-cylimlers, and a system ot' pipes supplying the fluid to the press and ejector cylinders, substantial] y as described.

4. The comlgiinat-ion, in a hydraulic brickpress, of.' the fixed base A, the hydraulic pressfitted to the base and each cylinder containin g aplung'er operated by fluid-pressure, with the inltermittently-rotating' mold-carrier E, the

guide-rods I, depending' from the said carrier, and thecross-heads I?, sliding' vertically on the guide-rods and provided with pun eh es L', substantially described.

5. The combination, in a hydraulic brickpress,'of`the stationary base A, the-pillars G', rising' therefrom, the bridge G on the pillars, the vert-ical shaft D, seated at its ends in the base and bridge, upper and lower hydraulic presscylinders fitted, respectively, to the bridge-base, and each containing a reciprocating plunger, the ejector-cylinders C C', a system of pipes tor supplying' the fiuid to the cylinders, the interniittently-rotating moldca-rrier mounted on the vertical shaft and provided with anannular gear, a gear-wheel engaging the latter, a rotary drive-shaft, and a segmental g'ear driven by the dri ve-shat'tand intermittent-ly rotating' the Ygear-Wheel which engages the annular gear on the mold-carrier, substantially as described.

6. The combination, in a hydraulic brickpress, of the base A, the pillars G', the stacylinders B B', and the ejector-cylindersC tionary bridge Gr on the pillars, the' vertical' shaft D, upper and lower hydraulic press-cylinders itted, respectively, to the bridge and base, and each containing a plunger operated by uid-pressure, the punches L on the plun* gers of the upper cylindersthe intermittentlyrotating'` mold-carrier E, mounted on theA vertical shaft, the guide-rods'l, depending from the mold-carrier, the cross-heads L2, movable vertically on the guide-rods and provided with punches L', ejector-cylinders C C', fitted to the base,'and a system of pipes for supplyinguid to all the cylinders, substantially as described. A

7. The combination, in abrick-press, ofthe base A, presses B B', and ejector-s C C', 'fitted to the base, a vertical shaft, D, an intermittently rotating mold-carrier, E, centrally mounted 0n the shaft and having an annular gear at its periphery, a gear-Wheel, h, engaging the annular gear, a gear-wheel, h', having a segmental gear, 72.2, for intermittently rotating the gear-'wheel engaging the annular gear on the mold-carrier, and a driving-shaft for operating. the gear-wheel carrying the segmental gear,substantially described.

8. The combination, in a brick-press, otA the base A, presses l B', and ejectors C t", l'itted to the base, a vertical shaft, D, an intermittently-rotating mold-carrier, E, mounted on 3 the shaft, guiderods Y, depending from the mold-carrier, and cross-heads L2, sliding Yertif f cally on the guide-rods and provided with the punches L', substantially as described.

9. The combination,"with the presses, the

Vertical shaft, and the mold-carrier centrally y.

AHERMANN VON MI'IZLAFI- [n s] l fitn esses:

B. R01,I 4 ARTHUR MARKs. 

